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Subramanian, K. S.
- Urea Intercalated Biochar–a Slow Release Fertilizer Production and Characterisation
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 6, No 12 (2013), Pagination: 5579–5584Abstract
A laboratory study was undertaken to determine the N release pattern of Urea Intercalated Biochar derived from Prosopis juliflora. Biochar was produced by pyrolysing the wood cuttings excluding the bark at 350°C. The resultant biochar was characterized using XRD, FT-IR, Raman Spectroscopy and SEM. After characterization, different forms of nitrogen viz., NH4+, NO3−, NH2, Combined NH4+ and NO3− were loaded at varying concentrations (20-200 mM) and sorption and desorption characteristics were examined. Among the forms tested, urea fortified with biochar showed lower desorption at levels of N loading concentration. A new biochar based formulation was evolved by intercalating biochar with urea at 1:1 ratio through hydrothermal method. The intercalated urea: biochar (1:1 ratio) fertilizer was characterised using the set of equipments and the total nitrogen was quantified as 30% as per the EDAX values which closely coincided with analytical values. The retention and release pattern of urea intercalated biochar depicts that the biochar derived PJ is a potential substrate that can be exploited to develop slow release N fertilizer with higher use efficiency and less environmental harzard.Keywords
Biochar, Pyrolysis, Slow Release Fertilizer, Sorption, UreaFull Text
References
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- Genotypic Variation for Micronutrient Content in Traditional and Improved Rice Lines and its Role in Biofortification Programme
Abstract Views :249 |
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Authors
Vishnu Varthini Nachimuthu
1,
S. Robin
1,
D. Sudhakar
2,
S. Rajeswari
1,
M. Raveendran
2,
K. S. Subramanian
3,
Shalini Tannidi
1,
Balaji Aravindhan Pandian
1
Affiliations
1 Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, IN
2 Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, IN
3 Department of Nano science and technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, IN
1 Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, IN
2 Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, IN
3 Department of Nano science and technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 7, No 9 (2014), Pagination: 1414-1425Abstract
Biofortification is an emerging cost-effective strategy to address global malnutrition especially in developing countries. This strategy involves supplying of micronutrients such as iron and zinc in the staple foods by using conventional plant breeding and biotechnology methods. Initial step in conventional plant breeding is to screen the natural gene reservoir for existing variation. The objective of this study is to estimate iron and zinc in the brown rice of 192 germplasm lines and to define its role in biofortification programme. Substantial variations among 192 lines existed for both iron and zinc content. Iron concentration ranged from 6.6 ìg/g to 16.7 ìg/g and zinc concentration from 7.1 ìg/g to 32.4 ìg/g in brown rice. Iron and zinc concentration were positively correlated implying the chance for concurrent selection for both the micronutrients. Micronutrient-rich genotypes identified in this study opens up the possibilities for the identification of genomic regions or QTLs responsible for mineral uptake and translocation that can be used as donor for developing nutrient enriched varieties.Keywords
Biofortification, Germplasm, Iron, Micronutrient, Variability, ZincFull Text
- Biosafety of Nanoemulsion of Hexanal to Honey Bees and Natural Enemies
Abstract Views :207 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641035, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641035, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 8, No 30 (2015), Pagination:Abstract
One of the main drawbacks of mango is its post harvest losses. Hexanal, a volatile plant component inhibits Phospholipase D (PLD), the key enzyme involved in the initiation of plasma membrane deterioration to induce the ripening of fruits. Nanoemulsion of hexanal would be more effective than the conventional form of treatment owing to its smaller droplet size. Studies were conducted to develop nanoemulsion of hexanal and its biosafety to pollinators and natural enemies in mango ecosystem. Combination of hexanal, Tween 20, ethanol at 1:10:10, was found to have good emulsion. The average droplet size was 9.9 nm with the zeta potential of -20.0 mV. This combination was used for the biosafety studies on honey bees Apis cerana indica F., egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and predator Chrysoperla carnea Stephens. Nanoemulsion of hexanal on honey bees and exposure of bees to hexanal treated mango varieties had no adverse effect on honey bees (0% mortality). Nanoemulsion at recommended field dose (0.04%) showed 96.53% parasitization and 96.61 per cent adult emergence of the egg parasitoid and recorded 85.05 per cent emergence in the predator. When the grubs were fed with hexanal sprayed Corcyra eggs as well as by direct spraying of hexanal nanoemulsion on the grubs, there was 100 per cent pupation and adult emergence.Keywords
Apis cerana indica F., Biosafety, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens, Hexanal, Nanoemulsion, Phospholipase D (PLD), Trichogramma chilonis IshiiFull Text